全国人民代表大会常务委员会


全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于惩治偷税、抗税犯罪的补充规定(附英文)

1992年9月4日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十七次会议通过

为了惩治偷税、抗税的犯罪行为，对刑法作如下补充规定：
一、纳税人采取伪造、变造、隐匿、擅自销毁帐簿、记帐凭证，在帐簿上多列支出或者不列、少列收入，或者进行虚假的纳税申报的手段，不缴或者少缴应纳税款的，是偷税。偷税数额占应纳税额的百分之十以上并且偷税数额在一万元以上的，或者因偷税被税务机关给予二次行政处罚
又偷税的，处三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，并处偷税数额五倍以下的罚金；偷税数额占应纳税额的百分之三十以上并且偷税数额在十万元以上的，处三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，并处偷税数额五倍以下的罚金。
扣缴义务人采取前款所列手段，不缴或者少缴已扣、已收税款，数额占应缴税额的百分之十以上并且数额在一万元以上的，依照前款规定处罚。
对多次犯有前两款规定的违法行为未经处罚的，按照累计数额计算。
二、纳税人欠缴应纳税款，采取转移或者隐匿财产的手段，致使税务机关无法追缴欠缴的税款，数额在一万元以上不满十万元的，处三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，并处欠缴税款五倍以下的罚金；数额在十万元以上的，处三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，并处欠缴税款五倍以下的罚金。
三、企业事业单位犯第一条、第二条罪的，依照第一条、第二条的规定，判处罚金，并对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，处三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。
四、纳税人向税务人员行贿，不缴或者少缴应纳税款的，按照行贿罪追究刑事责任，并处不缴或者少缴的税款五倍以下的罚金。
五、企业事业单位采取对所生产或者经营的商品假报出口等欺骗手段，骗取国家出口退税款，数额在一万元以上的，处骗取税款五倍以下的罚金，并对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，处三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。
前款规定以外的单位或者个人骗取国家出口退税款的，按照诈骗罪追究刑事责任，并处骗取税款五倍以下的罚金；单位犯本款罪的，除处以罚金外，对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，按照诈骗罪追究刑事责任。
六、以暴力、威胁方法拒不缴纳税款的，是抗税，处三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役，并处拒缴税款五倍以下的罚金；情节严重的，处三年以上七年以下有期徒刑，并处拒缴税款五倍以下的罚金。
以暴力方法抗税，致人重伤或者死亡的，按照伤害罪、杀人罪从重处罚，并依照前款规定处以罚金。
七、对犯本规定之罪的，由税务机关追缴不缴、少缴、欠缴、拒缴或者骗取的税款。对依法免予刑事处罚的，除由税务机关追缴不缴、少缴、欠缴、拒缴或者骗取的税款外，处不缴、少缴、欠缴、拒缴或者骗取的税款五倍以下的罚款。
八、本规定自1993年1月1日起施行。

SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONALPEOPLE'S CONGRESS CONCERNING THE IMPOSITION OF PUNISHMENTS IN RESPECT OFOFFENSES OF TAX EVASION AND REFUSAL TO PAY TAX

(Standing Committee, National People's Congress: 4 September 1992)

Whole Doc.
With a view to imposing punishments in respect of offenses of tax
evasion and refusal to pay tax, the relevant supplementary provisions to
the Criminal Law have been formulated as follows:
1. "Evasion of tax" means that a taxpayer fails to pay or underpays
the amount of tax payable through the adoption of the means of forging,
revising, concealing or destroying accounting books or supporting vouchers
for the accounts without authorization, or of overstating expenses or not
stating or understating income in accounting books, or of filing
fraudulent tax returns. Where the amount of tax evaded accounts for more
than ten percent of the amount of tax payable and is over Renminbi 10000
Yuan, or where the taxpayer evades tax again after having been subject to
administrative sanctions imposed by the tax authorities twice by reason of
tax evasion, the taxpayer shall be subject to imprisonment or confinement
with hard labour for a term of not more than three years as well as a fine
of not more than five times the amount of tax evaded. Where the amount of
tax evaded accounts for more than thirty percent of the amount of tax
payable and is over Renminbi 100000 Yuan, the taxpayer shall be subject to
imprisonment for a term of over three years but not more than seven years
as well as a fine of not more than five times the amount of tax evaded.
Where a withholding agent fails to pay or underpays the tax which has
been withheld or collected through the adoption of the means specified in
the preceding Paragraph, and where the amount of tax evaded accounts for
more than ten percent of the amount of tax payable and is over Renminbi
10000 Yuan, a punishment shall be imposed on the withholding agent in
accordance with the provisions stipulated in the preceding Paragraph.
Where the illegal acts specified in the preceding two Paragraphs have
been committed several times and no punishment has been imposed, a
punishment shall be imposed based on the accumulated amounts.
2. Where a taxpayer who has failed to pay the amount of tax payable
adopts the means of transferring or concealing the property, resulting in
failure on the part of the tax authorities to pursue the payment of the
tax in arrears, and where the amount of the tax in arrears is over
Renminbi 10000 Yuan but under Renminbi 100000 Yuan, the taxpayer shall be
subject to imprisonment or confinement with hard labour for a term of not
more than three years as well as a fine of not more than five times the
amount of tax in arrears. Where the amount of tax in arrears is over
Renminbi 100000 Yuan, the taxpayer shall be subject to imprisonment for a
term of over three years but not more than seven years as well as a fine
of not more than five times the amount of tax in arrears.
3. Where an enterprise or institution commits the offenses specified
in Articles 1 or 2 hereof, a fine shall be imposed on the enterprise or
institution in accordance with the provisions set forth in Articles 1 or 2
hereof, and the persons in charge and other personnel who assume direct
responsibility shall be subject to imprisonment or confinement with hard
labour for a term of not more than three years.
4. Where a taxpayer offers a bribe to tax officials and fails to pay
or underpays the amount of tax payable, an investigation into the criminal
liabilities of the taxpayer shall be conducted based on an offense of
bribery, and the taxpayer shall be subject to a fine of not more than five
times the amount of tax which has not been paid or underpaid.
5. Where an enterprise or institution fraudulently obtains a tax
refund through the adoption of deceptive means such as fraudulently
declaring the commodities it produces or operates as export goods, and
where the amount of the tax refund which has been fraudulently obtained is
over Renminbi 10000 Yuan, a fine of not more than five times the amount of
the tax refund which has been fraudulently obtained shall be imposed on
the enterprise or institution, and the persons in charge and other
personnel who assume direct responsibility shall be subject to
imprisonment or confinement with hard labour for a term of not more than
three years.
Where an entity or individual other than those as prescribed in the
preceding Paragraph fraudulently obtains a tax refund for export from the
State, an investigation into the criminal liabilities of the entity or
individual shall be conducted based on an offense of fraud, and a fine of
not more than five times the amount of the tax refund which has been
fraudulently obtained shall be imposed on the entity or individual. In
addition to imposing a fine on an entity which has committed the offense
specified in this Paragraph, an investigation into the criminal
liabilities of the persons in charge and other personnel who assume direct
responsibility shall be conducted based on an offense of fraud.
6. "Refusal to pay tax" means the refusal to pay tax by using
violence or menace. A taxpayer who has refused to pay tax shall be subject
to imprisonment or confinement with hard labour for a term of not more
than three years as well as a fine of not more than five times the amount
of tax the taxpayer has refused to pay. Where the case is serious, the
taxpayer shall be subject to imprisonment for a term of over three years
but not more than seven years as well as a fine of not more than five
times the amount of tax the taxpayer has refused to pay.
In the case of refusal to pay tax by using violence which causes a
person to suffer from serious injury or death, a serious punishment shall
be imposed based on an offence of assault or manslaughter, and a fine
shall be imposed in accordance with the provisions set forth in the
preceding Paragraph.
7. Where the offenses specified herein are committed, the tax
authorities shall pursue the payment of the amount of tax which has not
been paid or underpaid, or is in arrears, or a taxpayer has refused to
pay, or has been fraudulently obtained. Where a taxpayer is exempt from
criminal punishment in accordance with the law, the tax authorities shall,
in addition to pursuing the payment of the amount of tax which has not
been paid or underpaid, or is in arrears, or the taxpayer has refused to
pay, or has been fraudulently obtained, shall impose a fine of not more
than five times the amount of tax which has not been paid or underpaid, or
is in arrears, or the taxpayer has refused to pay, or has been
fraudulently obtained.
8. The present provisions shall come into force as of January 1,
1993.


中国人民银行


关于《银行间债券交易规则》(试行)的批复

银复[1998]377号

全国银行间同业拆借中心：

　　现批准你中心上报的《银行间债券交易规则（试行）》，请印发全国同业拆借市场交易成员执行。

此复。

中国人民银行

一九九八年十一月三日


银行间债券交易规则（试行）


第一章 总 则
第一条 为规范银行间债券交易行为，维护当事人的合法权益，根据中国人民银行《银行间债券回购业务暂行规定》、《关于各商业银行停止在证券交易所证券回购及现券交易的通知》、《关于开办银行间债券现券交易的通知》等有关规定，特制定本规则。
第二条 下列名词在本规则中具有以下含义：
（一）债券是指经中国人民银行批准交易的国债、政策性金融债和中央银行融资券以及其他债券。
（二）交易成员是指经中国人民银行批准进入全国同业拆借市场可进行债券交易的金融机构。
（三）债券交易指债券买卖和债券回购。
债券买卖是指交易成员以商定的价格买卖一定金额的债券并在规定的结算时间内办理券款交割的交易。
债券回购是指债券持有人（正回购方）在卖出债券给债券购买人（逆回购方）时，买卖双方约定在将来某一指定日期以约定的价格，由正回购方向逆回购方买回相等数量的同品种债券的交易行为。
正回购方是指在债券回购的首次买卖中卖出债券的一方，逆回购方是指在债券回购的首次买卖中买入债券的一方。
（四）交易系统是指由全国银行间同业拆借中心（以下简称“拆借中心”）管理运作的计算机处理系统、数据通讯系统和通讯网络。
第三条 交易成员在债券交易中要遵循自愿、诚信、自律的原则，交易成员自主报价、自选对手、自行清算、自担风险。
第四条 拆借中心为交易成员的债券交易提供服务，并接受中国人民银行的监管。

第二章 交易基本规则
第五条 交易系统的营业日为每周一至周五，法定节假日除外。
第六条 回购期限最短为1天，最长为1年。交易成员可在此区间内自由选择回购期限，不得展期。
第七条 拆借中心根据中央国债登记结算有限公司（以下简称“中央结算公司”）提供的交易券种要素公告交易券种的挂牌日、摘牌日和交易的起止日期。
第八条 债券交易数额最小为债券面额十万元，交易单位为债券面额一万元。

第三章 交易程序
第九条 债券交易采用询价交易方式，包括自主报价、格式化询价、确认成交三个交易步骤。
第十条 交易成员的自主报价分为两类：公开报价和对话报价。
公开报价是指交易成员为得到其他交易成员的询价，对市场作出的不可确认成交的报价。
对话报价是指交易成员在询价中向交易对手作出的对方确认即可成交的报价。
第十一条 格式化询价是指交易成员必须按照规定的格式化内容填报自己的交易意向。未按规定所作的报价为无效报价。
第十二条 确认成交须经过“对话报价——确认”的过程，即一方发送的对话报价，由对手方确认后成交，交易系统及时反馈成交。
第十三条 交易成交前，进入对话报价的双方可在规定的次数内轮替向对手方报价。超过规定的次数仍未成交的对话，须进入另一次询价过程。
第十四条 交易成员在确认交易成交前可对报价内容进行修改或撤销。交易一经确认成交即生效，交易成员不得再作修改或撤销。
第十五条 债券交易成交确认后，由成交双方根据交易系统的成交回报各自打印成交通知单。
债券买卖成交通知单的内容包括：成交日期、成交编号、交易员代码、交易双方名称、债券种类（券种代码与简称）、成交价格、券面总额、成交金额、交割日、对手方债券托管账户和人民币资金账户等。
债券回购成交通知单的内容包括：成交日期、成交编号、交易员代码、交易双方名称、债券种类（券种代码与简称）、回购利率、回购期限、券面总额、成交金额、到期还款金额、首次划付日、到期划付日、对手方债券托管账户和人民币资金账户等。
第十六条 债券买卖成交通知单是确认债券买卖交易生效的合同文件。债券回购成交通知单与交易成员签署的《银行间债券回购主协议》是确认债券回购交易生效的合同文件。若交易成员对成交通知单的内容有疑问或歧义时，以交易系统的成交记录为准。
第十七条 债券结算和资金清算的时间采用“Ｔ＋0”或“Ｔ＋1”的方式，交易成员双方自行决定债券结算和资金清算的时间，银行间债券交易中“Ｔ＋0”指交易成员于债券交易成交日进行债券结算和资金清算，“Ｔ＋1”指交易成员于债券交易成交日之后的第一个营业日进行债券结算和资金清算。债券回购的债券结算和资金清算必须在同一日进行。债券结算按《银行间债券交易结算规则》（试行）办理，资金清算按中国人民银行的有关规定办理。

第四章 交易信息
第十八条 拆借中心向交易成员发布以下信息：
（一）按券种公布前一交易日债券买卖的收盘价、加权平均价、当日交易的开盘价、最高、最低、最新成交价、加权平均价、成交量和成交金额；
（二）按各期限公布前一交易日债券回购的加权平均利率、收盘利率、当天债券回购的开盘利率、最高、最低、最新成交利率、加权平均利率以及成交量和成交金额；
（三）交易成员的市场公告；
（四）交易成员授权公开的信息；
（五）交易成员违规情况的通告；
（六）中国人民银行授权公布的其他市场信息。
第十九条 拆借中心按中国人民银行要求，及时上报有关交易成员债券交易的资料。

第五章 违规处罚
第二十条 本规则认定的交易成员违规行为有：
（一）违反操作规程，破坏交易系统；
（二）扰乱交易秩序，影响交易正常进行；
（三）不按规定缴纳服务费用；
（四）其他经中国人民银行认定的违规行为。
第二十一条 为维护正常的交易秩序，拆借中心可根据交易成员违规行为情节轻重程度，给予警告、通报处理，并报中国人民银行备案。
第二十二条 对违规行为严重的交易成员和直接责任人，拆借中心除按第二十一条的规定进行处罚外，还须将有关情况上报中国人民银行，并通报中央结算公司。经中国人民银行核准后，可以暂停交易成员资格和取消交易成员资格。
第二十三条 凡交易成员违反中国人民银行有关规定的行为，拆借中心将及时上报中国人民银行。

第六章 附 则
第二十四条 交易成员应按规定缴纳服务费用，具体方式和标准由拆借中心报中国人民银行批准后执行。
第二十五条 如遇不可抗力或特殊情况，交易成员须依照中国人民银行批准的《银行间债券交易应急规则》的有关规定办理。
第二十六条 本规则自中国人民银行批准之日起实行。